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| The genus
Hadrolaelia re-groups, as we have already seen, the species before
placed in the genus Laelia, sections Hadrolaelia Schlecther
and Crispae Pftizer, as well some species of Sophronitis.
It is sure that this genus is not, and the results obtained by van den Berg
e all (op. cit.) confirmed this, perfectly homogenous, on the contrary,
it is structured in distinct sub-groups: the figure 2, which reproduces
part of the figure 6 (page109) by the authors, specifies this structure. If the shared characters of those species, and mentioned above, seem to us to be enough to re-group in only one genus, we also believe that it is preferable to distinguish several groups. It seems evident to us to conserve the sections Hadrolaelia and Crispae, even though the exact boundary need to be better delimitated; and to create a section including the uniflora species of Sophronitis, it is useful to remember that, according to the results of van den Berg et al. those last would not form a monophyletic group. |
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Fig.
2 Cladogramme of the genus Hadrolaelia (adapted from van den
Berg et al. 2.000)
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| Section Crispae | |
| 3 species, in general, placed in this section, present, however, morphological characters that bring us to separate them. Those 3 species (Hadrolaelia perrinii , Hadrolaelia virens and Hadrolaelia fidelensis) occupy particular positions, in the phylogenetic tree obtained by van den Berg et al. |
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| Brieger
(1981) used to separate Laelia perrinii from the other species of
section Crispae, but the criterions he used in his key to determinate
the sections are not very convincing. Withner (1990) keeps this section
but excluding Brieger's criterions and evoking the pointed lip of this species.
However, according to Pabst & Dungs (1975), the lip of the Laelia perrinii
is not more pointed than the lip of Laelia crispa. The analysis of
Hadrolaelia perrinii shows, in spite of all this, features that are
distinctive to it: new growths protected by membranous bracts which are
not tightly surrounding them but, quite the contrary, they keep away as
they are inflated; the reddish reverse of the leaves ; swollen ovary, unusual
column, arched, with undulated posterior face, tapering from the base towards
the apex. As, to finish, this species seems, according to the results obtained
by van den Berg et al. to clearly remain at a distance from the other species
of the section, we propose to maintain (4)
the section Perriniae by Withner. Hadrolaelia fidelensis, though close to the other members of the section, shows remarkable differences: smooth and relatively small pseudobulbs when compared with the leaves, the very long flower stalk haste floral, small sheath, small flowers (twice smaller than the flowers of Hadrolaelia purpurata), very pointed petals, very short column. Fowlie (1977) used to say that this species "seems, regarding to the vegetative plan, a species of the section Cattleyodes, but small as a species of the section Hadrolaelia". By the time of the discovering, people put forth the idea if it was not a natural hybrid between two species of those two sections. The long flower stalk and the general feature of the flower remind, on the other hand, Laelia anceps. It seems natural to us to put it into a distinct section, intermediary between the sections Hadrolaelia and Crispae. We notice that the results obtained by van den Berg et al. seem to support this conception. Below, we propose to name this section Fidelensis. Another species, Hadrolaelia virens, also shows peculiar features that justify a particular approach: much smaller flowers than the flowers of the other species of the section, plants coming from higher and cooler regions (1000-1200m). Those features seem to be intermediate between those from the section Crispae and those from the section Hadrolaelia. However, this species is very different from Hadrolaelia fidelensis (more elongate pseudobulbs versus rounded -peduncle shorter than the leave versus higher - little opened flower versus spread- elongate column versus short) and it does not seem suitable to us to place it inside the same section. Here, we propose to place it inside a distinct section named Virens. (4) An alternative solution would have been to move this section to the status of sub-section inside the section Crispae. |
| Section Hadrolaelia | |
|
Withner
(1990) did not include Laelia sincorana in the conception of this
section carrying on the argument about the presence of the lateral lobes
in the lip of this species, which would not exist in other species of
the section. Quite the contrary, our own observations, as well as Pabst
& Dungst's drawings (1975), show that the big part of the species of this
group has lateral lobes, more or less prominent (except for Hadrolaelia
praestans, which lip is just slight widening in this level). Thus,
we do not keep the section Sincoranae by Withner. |
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| Diagnosis
- Pseudobulbi cum 1-2 internodis; inflorescentia uniflora, interdumbiflora,
non ortha ex spatha; pedunculus folio brevior, sine nodo; labelum longitudinaliter
cristatum. Synonymy: Laelia Lindley section Hadrolaelia Schlecther 1917 Laelia Lindley sub-section Lobatae Cogniaux 1901. in part. (5) Antonyme |
| basionym:
Laelia Lindley section Crispae Pfitzer 1889, in Orchidaceae,
in Engler & Prantl, Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien, V.2 (6): 147. Pfitzer defines his section in this way: 'size of the Cattleya do grupo Mossia, labelo lip slightly trilobate. Laelia crispa Lindl., Laelia purpurata Lindl., both from Brazil. In order to define more precisely our section, we propose the follow diagnose: |
|
Diagnosis - Pseudobuli cum multis internodis; inflorescentia multiflora, orta ex spatha ; pedunculus folio brevior, cum nodis ; labellum sine crista longitudinali, sed interdum prominente venosum. Synonymy: Type
species : Hadrolaelia crispa (Lindley) Chiron & V. P. Castro
in Richardiana II (1): 16.2002 |
|
Diagnosis
- Pseudobulbi cum multi internodis ; inflorescentia multiflora, orta ex
spatha ; pedunculus folio brevior, cum nodis ; flores ad 5 cm diametro. |
|
Diagnosis
- Pseudobulbi rotundari, foliis multo breviores ; rhizoma elongatum :
inflorescentia foliis longior ; flores mediocres ; petala labellum que
spicula ; columna brevis. |
| basionym:
Laelia Lindley section Perriniae Withner 1990, in The Cattleyas
and their Relatives - Vol. 2 - The Laelias, p. 18. Withner (1990) defines his section in this way: unifoliate plant with big flowers ; slightly trilobate lip; elongate sigmoid column, relatively concave in the front, tapering in the apex." Type species : Hadrolaelia perrinii (Lindley) Chiron & V. P. Castro in Richardiana II (1): 17. 2002 basionym: Cattleya perrinii Lindley, 1838, in Edwards's Bot. 24: t.2 |
|
Diagnosis
- Pseudobulbi cum solo internodo ; inflorescentia uniflora, raro biflora,
non orta & spatha ; pedunculus folio longior, sine nodo ; labellum
sine crista nec venosum ; columna brevis, cum 2 grandis lateralibus alis. |
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Artificial key to determinate genera and sections. |
| 1.
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Plants from Central America, epiphyte, with ovoide-piriforme pseudobulbs, with inflorescence clearly higher than leaves; petals clearly larger than sepals |
Laelia
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| Brazilian plants ; do not present all those characters at the same time |
2
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| 2. | Bifoliate rampant plants, with fusiform pseudobulbs |
Microlaelia
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| unifoliate plants, different feature |
3
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| 3. | Rupicolous plants with claviforme spikes, inflorescence much higher or higher than leaves |
Hoffmannseggella
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| Epiphytic plants, inflorescence with peduncle often shorter than leaf (except for section Sophronitis) |
4
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| 4. | Cylindrical, thin stems ; inflorescence without sheath, much more shorter than leaves, small flowers (<5cm), similar sepals and petals, lip re-curved towards the base and back |
Dungsia
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| Stems more or less thin but always more or less swollen ; big flowers in general (except for H. virens), petals larger than sepals, lip non re-curved towards the base and back |
(Hadrolaelia)
5
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Pseudobulb with only one internode, uniflora sometimes biflora inflorescence without a sheath |
6
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| Pseudobulb with many internodes, in general, multiflora inflorescence developing from a sheath |
7
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| 6. | Peduncle shorter than leaf, lip with keels | section Hadrolaelia |
| Peduncle higher than the leaf, lip without keel | section Sophronitis |
| 7. | Flowers of 5cm diameter, maximum, not widely opened | section Virens |
| Wide opened flowers, more than 5cm diameter | 8 |
| 8. | Pseudobulb much shorter than leaf | section Fidelensis |
| Pseudobulb and leaf with similar length | 9 |
| 9. | Bract of the new shoot growing clearly aside from it | section Perriniae |
| Bract of the new shoot growing close to it | section Crispae |
|
Certain
species that belong to the genera above naturally hybridize between
themselves as well as with the species of the genus Cattleya.
A hybrid with a species of Encyclia has been also described. x
Hadrocattleya V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1):
19. 2002 x
Hadrodungsia V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 19.
2002 x
Hoffmanncattleya V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1):
19. 2002 x
Hoffmanncyclia Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
19. 2002 x
Microcattleya V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1):
19. 2002 |
|
The
list of the species here maintained is based mainly on Withner (1990),
Miranda (1993, 1999) and Zappi (1995).The list of the species here maintained
is based mainly on Withner (1990), Miranda (1993, 1999) and Zappi (1995). Dungsia Dungsia
brevicaulis (H.G. Jones) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana
II (1): 19. 2002 Dungsia
harpophylla (Rchb.f.) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II
(1): 19. 2002 Dungsia kautskyi
(Pabst) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1): 19. 2002
Hadrolaelia crispa (Lindley) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1): 19. 2002 Hadrolaelia
grandis (Lindley & Paxton) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana
II (1): 19. 2002 Hadrolaelia
lobata (Lindley) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
19. 2002 Hadrolaelia
purpurata (Lindely & Paxton) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana
II (1): 19. 2002 Hadrolaelia
tenebrosa (Rolfe) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
19. 2002 Hadrolaelia
xanthina (Lindley) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
19. 2002
Hadrolaelia section Fidelensis Hadrolaelia
fidelensis (Pabst) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
17. 2002 Hadrolaelia
section
Hadrolaelia Hadrolaelia
dayana (Rchb. f.) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
20. 2002 Hadrolaelia
jongheana (Rchb. f.) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
20. 2002 Hadrolaelia
praestans (Linden & Rchb. f.) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana
II (1): 20. 2002 Hadrolaelia pumila (Hooker) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1): 11. 2002 Hadrolaelia
sincorana (Schltr.) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
20. 2002
Hadrolaelia
section Sophronitis Hadrolaelia
bicolor (Miranda) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
20. 2002 Hadrolaelia
brevipedunculata (Cogn.) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana
II (1): 21. 2002 Hadrolaelia
coccinea (Lindley) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
17. 2002 Hadrolaelia
mantiqueirae (Fowlie) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II
(1): 21. 2002 Hadrolaelia
pygmaea (Pabst) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
21. 2002
Hadrolaelia section Virens Hadrolaelia
virens (Lindley) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1):
17. 2002 Hoffmannseggella Hoffmannseggella
alvaroana (F.E.L. Miranda) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 21. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
angereri (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 21. 2002 Hoffmannseggella bahiensis (Schltr.) H. G. Jones 1974 in Hawai Orchid J. 3(4):16. Hoffmannseggella
blumenscheinii (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 21. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
bradei (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 21. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
briegeri (Blumensch. ex Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 22. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
cardimii (Pabst & Mello) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 22. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
caulescens (Lindley)H.G. Jones 1970 in Caldasia 10:943. Hoffmannseggella cinnabarina (Batem. ex Lindley) H.G. Jones 1968 in Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hungar 14:69. Hoffmannseggella
crispata (Thunb.) H.G. Jones 1974 in Hawaii Orchid J. 3 (4):15. Hoffmannseggella
duveenii (Fowlie) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 22. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
endsfeldzii (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 22. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
esalqueana (Blummensch. ex Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 22. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
fournieri (Cogniaux) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 22. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
ghillanyi (Pabst) H.G. Jones 1974 in Hawaii Orchid J. 3 Hoffmannseggella
gloedeniana (Hoehne) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 22. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
gracilis (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 22. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
hispudula (Pabst & Mello) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 22. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
itambana (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 23. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
kettieana (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 23. 2002 Hoffmannseggella liliputana (Pabst) H. G. Jones 1974 in Hawaii Orchid J. 3(4):16. Hoffmannseggella
longipes (Rchb. f.) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 23. 2002 Hoffmannseggella macrobulbosa (Pabst) H. G. Jones 1974 in Hawaii Orchid J. 3(4):16 Hoffmannseggella
milleri (Blumensch. ex Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 23. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
mixta (Hoehne) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 23. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
munchowiana (F.E.L. Miranda) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 23. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
pfisteri (Pabst & Senghas) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 23. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
reginae (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 23. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
rupestris (Lindley) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 23. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
sanguiloba (Withner) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 23. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
tereticaulis (Hoehne) H.G. Jones 1974 in Florida Orchidist. 17(4):156,
as"teretecaulis" Hadrolaelia
x adrienne (Rolfe) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1): 24. 2002 Hadrolaelia
x espirito-santensis (Pabst) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1): 24. 2002 Hadrolaelia
x lilacina (Philbrick ex Veitch) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1): 24. 2002 Hadrolaelia
x wyattiana (Rchb.f.) Chiron & V. P. Castro, in Richardiana II (1): 24. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
x caetensis (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 24. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
x carassana (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 24. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
x cipoensis (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 25. 2002 Hoffmannseggella
x mucugense (F.E.L. Miranda) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 25. 2002
x
Hadrocattleya albanensis (Rolfe) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 25. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya amanda (Rchb. f.) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 25. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya amoena (Bleu) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 25. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya binotii (Cogn.) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 25. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya cypheri (Rolfe) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 25. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya dayana (Pabst) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 25. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya delicata (Rolfe) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 25. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya elegans (Rchb. f.) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 26. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya gottoiana (Hort.) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 26. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya isaacii (Rolfe) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 26. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya leeana (Rchb. f.) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 26. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya occhioniana (Brade) V. P. Castro & Chiron,
in Richardiana II (1): 26. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya pittiana (O'Brien) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 26. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya porphyritis (Rchb. f.) V. P. Castro & Chiron,
in Richardiana II (1): 26. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya reginae (Pabst.) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 26. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya rigbyana (Pabst.) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 27. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya schilleriana (Rchb. f.) V. P. Castro & Chiron,
in Richardiana II (1): 27. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya sgarbii (Ruschi) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 27. 2002 x
Hadrocattleya verelii (Rolfe) V. P. Castro & Chiron, in Richardiana II (1): 27. 2002
x
Microcattleya cattleyioides (Rich.) V. P. Castro & Chiron,
in Richardiana II (1): 27. 2002 x
Hoffmanncyclia intermedia (F.E.L. Miranda) Chiron & V. P.
Castro, in Richardiana II (1): 27. 2002 |
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| Brieger, F. G. |
1981
|
In F. G. Brieger, R. Maatsch & K. Senghas, Schlecther´s Die Orchideen, 3a. edição, volume 1A, Verlag Paul Parey, Berlim |
| Brower,
A. V. Z. R. Desalle & A. Vogler |
1996
|
Gene trees, species trees and systematics: a cladistic perspective. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 27:423-450 |
| Cogniaux, A. |
1901
|
Orchidaceae, in Martius' Flora Brasiliensis, p. 270-272 |
| Fowlie, J. A. |
1977
|
In Brasil: part XIII - In search of the Missing Laelia fidelensis Pabst. Orch. Dig. 41(4): 147 |
| Halbinger, F. & M. Soto |
1997
|
Laelias of Mexico. Orquidea (Mex.) vol. 15, número único p. 21 |
| Jones, H. G. |
1968
|
Studies in Neotropical Orchidology. Acta Botanica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, T. 14 (1-2) |
| Lecointre, G. & H. Le Guyader |
2001
|
Classification phylogénétique du vivant. Belin, Paris |
| Lindley, J. |
1842
|
Laelia. Bot. Reg. 28: sub t.62 |
| Miranda, F.E.L. |
1993
|
Estudos em Laelia (Orchidaceae) - 1. Bradea 6 (18):155-164 |
| Miranda, F.E.L |
1999
|
Estudos em Laelia (Orchidaceae) - 3. Bradea 8 (22):123-127 |
| Pabst G. F. & F. Dungs, |
1975
|
Orchidaceae Brasiliensis Vol I. |
| Porto P. Campos & A. C. Brade |
1935
|
Arquivos do Instituto de Biologia Vegetal 2:212 |
| Schlechter, R. von |
1917
|
Die Einteilung der Gattung Laelia und die geographische Verbreitung ihrer Gruppen. Orchis 11 (5):87-96 |
| van den Berg, C. et all |
2000
|
A phylogenetic analysis of Laeliinae (Orchidaceae) based on sequence data from internal transcribed spacerts (ITS) of nuclear ribsomal DNA. Lindleyana, 15(2):96-114 |
| Withner, C. L. |
1990
|
The Cattleyas and their Relatives vol. 2: The Laelias. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon |
| Zappi, D. |
1995
|
Kew Bull. 50:423-425 |
| Translation
done by Delfina de Araujo from the French original published in the magazine Richardiana II (1) January 2002, with authors' permission. |
|
| Photos: Guy Chiron and Vitorino P. Castro Neto |
|
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(*)
Guy R. Chiron 2, Rue des Pervenches, F-38349 - VOREPPE France |
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(**)
Vitorino P. Castro Neto Rua Vicente Galafassi, 549 S. B. do Campo CEP.: 09770-480 SP - Brazil |
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