Keys word: Bahia, Brazil, Dungsia, Dungsia brevicaulis, Dungsia marcaliana, taxonomy


Abstract:
A new species of Dungsia (Orchidaceae), found by Sidnei Marçal, in southern Bahia (Brazil), is described.
 

The genus Dungsia has been established by Chiron & Castro Neto (2002) in order to accommodate three species before belonged to the genus Laelia. The taxon in question was, in fact, already known by one of us (MC) since l985, before being recently re-collected but some important doubts about the identification remained. Based on the studies of the species of the genus Dungsia done by one of us (GC) and due to the verification that this plant does not coincide with Dungsia brevicaulis (H.J. Jones) Chiron & V. P. Castro, we got to the conclusion that it is really a good species.
In fact, it is differentiated, essentially from Dungsia harpophylla by its smaller size, by its larger sepals and petals and by its lip which has a narrower mid-lobe tapering off.
It is differentiated, essentially, from Dungsia brevicaulis by the dimensions of, respectively, pseudobulbs and leaves and by its narrower floral segments.

  The schedule 1 and the plate 1 complete the explanation about the differences. They were established based on personal observations as well on data of the literature, mainly Jones (l972), Pabst & Dungs (l975) and Withner (l990)


 
Dungsia brevicaulis
Dungsia harpophylla
Dungsia marcaliana
length of the pseudobulbs regarding the leaves.
more than twice shorter
almost twice longer
slightly longer
shape of the leaves
in general larger
narrow
wide
number of flowers by inflorescence.
2-3
6-8
4-6
position of the lateral sepals.
close, almost parallel to the lip
45º from the lip
45º from the lip
width of the sepals and petals
7-9 mm
<6 mm
6-7 mm
mid-lobe of the lip
narrower, tapering off.
widening from the base, obtuse apex
regularly narrow, acute apex
lateral lobes of the lip
comparatively short, separated from the mid-lobe
comparatively short, separated from the mid-lobe
comparatively long, overlapping the mid-lobe


 
 
 

  Schedule 1: comparison of the three species of Dungsia
Plate1: comparison of the lips of the species of Dungsia
[Based on Withner (l990) and on personal observations]


  Dungsia marcaliana Campacci & Chiron in Richardiana II (2) - mars 2002, 75/79

Herba epiphytica, rhizomate breviusculo, pseudobulbis cylindraceis, tenuibus, 11,0-15,0 x 0,3-0,4cm, unifoliatis ; foliis lanceolatis, leviter curvatis, coriaceis, 10,0-13,0 x 1,5-1,8cm ; floribus mediocribus, luteis vel aurantiacis ; sepalibus leviter retroflexis, dorsale lanceolato, 3,2 x 0,6cm et lateralibus falcatis, 2,8 x 0,7cm ; petalibus lanceolatis, leviter retroflexis, 3,2 x 07,cm ; labello profunde tribolato, in centrum bicarinato, leviter retroflexo, 2,5 x 1,0cm, lobo medio angusto, ondulatimarginato ; columna lutea , 1,0 x 03cm ; 8 pollinia.



 

Type: Brazil, Bahia, in the surroundings of Buerarema city.
Collected by Sidney Marçal in October 2001, under the number 105.
Blooming in culture in February 2002.
Holotype: São Paulo.
Etimology: Name in honor of the collector Sidnei Marçal

  Description: Epiphytic plant, sub-caespitose, with cylindrical pseudobulbs, reaching until 15,0 cm of length and 0,4 cm widths, unifoliate, lanceolate, coriaceous leaves, reddish in back, with until 13,0 cm length by 1,8 cm width in the central part, apical short inflorescence, bearing from 4 to 6 simultaneous flowers , small orange or yellowish flowers; lightly curved sepals, the dorsal is lanceolate, with 3,2 cm length by 0,6 cm width and the lateral sepals are falcate with 2,8 cm de length by 0,7 cm width; the lanceolate petals are also slightly curved, with 3,2 cm width by 0,7 cm width; lip extremely tri-lobate, with 2 lowered keel in the middle, with 2,5cm length by 1,0 cm width, sharp mid-lobe lobo with undulated margins; column in the same color of the other segments, with 1,0 cm length by 0,3 cm width; 8 pollinia.

  Distribution - Habitat: South of Bahia, next to Buerarema city. Humid wood of the Atlantic Forest, endemic to a small region, in altitude varying from 200 to 300 meters. Blooming season: Brazilian summer.

  Botanical plate and photography: Marcos Antonio Campacci

 

Bibliography:

Chiron, G & V. P. Castro Netro, 2002. Revision of the Brazilian species of the genus Laelia Lindley. Richardiana II (1): 4-28.

Jones, H . J. l972. A new species of the orchid genus Hoffmannsegella. Rhodora, Vol 74:283-286.

Pabst, G. F. * F. Dungs, l975. Orchidaceae Brasiliensis, vol. I.

Withner, C.L., l990. The Cattleyas and Their Relatives. Vol 2: The Laelias. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon.


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